Which criteria suggests a patient is ready for extubation?

A patient is deemed ready for extubation when they demonstrate adequate oxygenation, spontaneous respiratory efforts, and protective airway reflexes. This indicates that the patient has regained sufficient respiratory function and is capable of maintaining their airway without assistance.

Adequate oxygenation confirms that the patient can sustain normal gas exchange, while spontaneous respiratory efforts ensure that the patient is making the necessary effort to breathe on their own. Protective airway reflexes such as a gag reflex or cough are essential for preventing aspiration and maintaining an open airway, as they help clear secretions and any potential obstructions.

The other options highlight conditions that would typically delay extubation or indicate that further monitoring and assessment are needed rather than readiness. Persistent sedation and inability to breathe suggest that the patient requires additional support and might not be adequately responsive or able to protect their airway. Increased heart rate and blood pressure may reflect stress or pain but do not indicate readiness for extubation. Similarly, a need for immediate further monitoring suggests that the patient may still be unstable or at risk, which would not support the decision to extubate.